What are some common causes of secondary amenorrhea?

Secondary amenorrhea is defined as the cessation of menstrual periods for three cycles or more in women who previously had regular menstrual cycles. Understanding the common causes of secondary amenorrhea is critical for proper diagnosis and management.

Pregnancy is one of the most prominent causes of secondary amenorrhea, as it leads to significant hormonal changes that prevent menstruation. Hormonal imbalances, such as those seen in conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or thyroid disorders, can disrupt the normal menstrual cycle and result in amenorrhea. Additionally, psychological or emotional stress can affect the hypothalamus, which plays a key role in regulating the menstrual cycle, leading to missed periods.

The other options, while they could be related to menstrual irregularities, do not encompass the breadth of common causes of secondary amenorrhea as effectively. Excessive exercise may contribute to amenorrhea, but it is not the sole cause and does not account for pregnancy or hormonal imbalances. Aging and menopause specifically relate to natural transitions in reproductive health rather than secondary amenorrhea from previously regular menstruation. Obesity can influence menstrual cycles but is not an exclusive cause and does not address other prevalent factors such as hormonal changes or pregnancy.

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